Wound repair represents a common challenge in clinical medicine. The concept of modern wound repair has undergone a paradigm shift from dry wound healing to moist wound healing. On this basis, a systematic diagnosis and treatment system centered on wound bed preparation (WBP) has been established. Among them, the internationally recognized TIME principle (Tissue debridement, Infection and inflammation control, Moisture balance, Edge of wound epithelialization) provides a standardized framework for assessment and intervention in clinical practice. This article aims to systematically elaborate four major clusters of modern clinical technologies based on the TIME principle: WBP technology, microenvironment regulation technology, active regeneration technology, and definitive closure and tissue substitution technology. By summarizing the mechanisms of action, clinical indications and evidence-based medical evidence of various technologies, a dynamic sequential clinical decision-making pathway for wounds is integrated. It is expected to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for clinicians to formulate precise and individualized treatment regimens for complex refractory wounds.

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